2019 Web Developer Practical Guide (Back-End)

2018 is almost over and this year we saw a lot of new trends in web development, but today we are going to talk about a full practical guide for web development in 2019. Here I am going to just talk about the back end part. I also wrote a blog about 2019 Web Developer Practical Guide (Front-End).
I will suggest read that blog first before reading this, even if you don't want to be a Front-End Developer.

So if someone is new to web development and want guidance on how to start web development, this blog will really help you. 
I'm doing web development for almost a year, did a bunch of front end and back end projects. At the beginning when I just started web development, I faced a lot of problems. I faced those problems because of the lack of guidance. So in this blog, I tried to give a proper overview of what to learn at the first in web development (back-end) and also what will be the latest trends and common needed technologies in web development in 2019.


1. Server Side Language 

 

If you want to be a full stack developer or software engineer,  you need to learn server side language for sure. There are a lot of server side language but today I'll give you a list of four server side language that you should learn in 2019.

• Node.js
• PHP
• Python
• C# 

You can start with any of the language above. Try not to jump between different languages if you aren't good at a particular language. I'll suggest you to first learn a server side language properly. Try to learn the fundamental syntax, structure and work flow, package management, HTTP/Routing.
It will be easy for you to shift between different languages if you know at least one language properly.

As a newbie I'll suggest you to learn Node.js or PHP first. If you are good at JavaScript then you'll be able to learn Node.js very quickly.
Also PHP is one of the oldest server side language and it is improving day by day, so you can also learn PHP at the beginning. 



2. Server Side Framework 

 

 

If you learning server side language then it is important for you to learn framework related to that server side language. Languages like Node.js, PHP, Python, C#, they all have frameworks which makes it easy to code in server side. In 2019 it is a must to learn a server side framework.

Below I'm giving a list of frameworks related to that particular server side language.

 

• Node.js -> Express, Koa, Adonis
• PHP -> Laravel, Symfony, CodeIgniter
• Python -> Django, Flask 
• C# -> ASP.NET 

As I suggest before as a newbie you should learn Node.js or PHP, so related to these languages I'll suggest you to learn Express.js as a server side  framework for Node.js or Laravel as server side framework for PHP.

 

 

 

3. Database  

 

 

If you're making any kind of application using a server side language then you definitely need a database for storing and fetch data. Without database it is not possible to store thousands and thousands of data. There are many types of database, here are some of the options-

• Relational Database -> MySQL, PostgreSQL, MS SQL
• NoSQL Database ->  MongoDB, Couchbase
• Cloud -> Firebase, AWS, Azure DocumentDB
• Lightweight -> SQLite, Redis

For application development Relational DB is very famous, but in 2018 NoSQL DB and Cloud DB also gained a lot of popularity and in 2019 the popularity will grow even more. So it is important to learn NoSQL DB and Cloud DB in 2019.



4. Content Management System 

 

Content management systems(CMS) allow for quick development and give your clients the ability to update their content. I won't suggest this for the beginners who is trying to learn and sharpen up their skill.

But those who are trying to do freelancing, it is a great tool for you.

Here are some of the best CMS you can try-

• PHP Based -> Wordpress, Drupal
• JavaScript Based -> Ghost, Keystone 
• Python Based -> Mezzanine 
• .NET based -> Piranha

Well, this concludes my 2019 Web Developer Practical Guide (Back-End). I tried to make it as simple as possible but really effective. Those who want to start web development, I hope this blog will help you.